![]() During prophase, the cell becomes spheroid while the cytoplasm becomes more refractile and viscous and pale.Prophase is the first stage of mitosis which is characterized by the appearance of thin-thread like condensing chromosomes.By the end of this phase, the cell enters the division or M-phase of the cell cycle.įigure: Prophase.Cell division involves the enormous expenditure of energy, thus cell stores ATP in the G 2.During this phase, the synthesis of RNA and proteins required for the cell continues.G 2 phase is termed the second gap phase or resting phase of the interphase.Thus, at the end of the S phase, each chromosome has two DNA molecules and a duplicate set of genes.įigure: Late G 2.The replication of cytoplasmic DNA can take place at any phase in the cell cycle. S-phase involves the replication of nuclear DNA and the synthesis of histone proteins.Important events like the transcription of three types of RNAs, synthesis of regulatory proteins, enzymes required for DNA synthesis, and tubulin proteins along with other mitotic apparatus take place during this phase.However, during G 1 phase, several cell organelles increase in size and cell rapidly synthesizes different types of RNA and proteins.It is also termed as the “resting phase” as no DNA synthesis takes place during this phase.It is the longest phase of the cell cycle and is followed by the M phase of the previous cell cycle.A series of metabolic changes occur during this phase, all of which are divided into three subgroups.In interphase, metabolism of the cell increases, and it is often termed the most active phase of the cell cycle. ![]() Interphase is a part of the cell cycle where the cell copies its DNA as preparation for the M phase (mitotic phase).Mitosis is divided into the following phases based on the completion of one set of activities and the onset of the other. Replication of chromosomes and synthesis of proteins required for spindle fiber formation are formed prior to the onset of mitosis.įigure: Stages of mitosis. Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle and is preceded by the S phase of interphase and usually followed or accompanied by cytokinesis. ![]()
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